Wildlife Safety Tips
Keep a Safe Distance
Stay at least 30 meters (100 feet) away from all wildlife.
Stay at least 100 meters (330 feet) away from larger predators like bears, wolves, and cougars.
Use binoculars or a zoom lens to observe wildlife without disturbing them.
Do Not Feed Wildlife
Feeding animals is illegal and dangerous, as it can lead to them associating humans with food. This often results in aggressive behavior or the need to euthanize the animal.
Store Food Properly
Use wildlife-proof food lockers or hang food in bear bags at campsites.
Never leave food, garbage, or scented items unattended.
Travel in Groups
Hike in groups of four or more whenever possible. Larger groups are noisier and more likely to deter wildlife.
Make Noise
Clap, sing, or talk loudly to alert animals of your presence, especially in areas with limited visibility or near running water.
Keep Pets on Leash
Pets can provoke wildlife and may become targets. Always keep them leashed and under control.
Bear-Specific Safety Guidelines
Bears (Grizzly and Black)
Carry Bear Spray:
Ensure it is easily accessible and know how to use it. Bear spray is your best defense in an encounter.
Avoid Surprising Bears:
Make noise, especially near berry bushes or dense forested areas.
Watch for signs of bear activity, such as scat, tracks, or claw marks on trees.
If You Encounter a Bear:
Stay calm. Do not run.
Speak calmly and back away slowly, avoiding direct eye contact.
If the bear charges, use bear spray if it comes within range (around 4–5 meters or 12–15 feet).
Cougars (Mountain Lions)
Travel in Groups:
Cougars are more likely to avoid larger groups.
If You Encounter a Cougar:
Maintain eye contact and make yourself appear larger by raising your arms or holding your backpack over your head.
Do not run; back away slowly.
If attacked, fight back aggressively with any available objects.
Wolves and Coyotes
Avoid Attracting Them:
Do not leave food or garbage around.
If You Encounter a Wolf or Coyote:
Stand tall, make noise, and maintain eye contact.
If it approaches, throw objects and act assertively.
Ungulates (Elk, Moose, Deer, and Bighorn Sheep)
Stay Clear During Rutting Season:
Males can be aggressive during mating season (autumn for elk and moose).
Watch for Calves in Spring:
Mothers can be highly protective and charge if they perceive a threat to their young.
If Charged:
Use a tree or large object as a barrier.
Smaller Mammals (Squirrels, Marmots, Pikas, etc.)
Do Not Feed Them:
Even small animals can bite and may carry diseases.
Hiking and Camping Safety
On the Trails
Stick to designated trails and avoid hiking alone.
Be especially cautious during dawn, dusk, and nighttime when many animals are more active.
Carry a whistle to make noise in case of an emergency.
At Campsites
Store all food, trash, and toiletries in bear-proof containers or lockers.
Avoid cooking or eating near your tent.
Keep your campsite clean and free of food scraps.
Driving and Wildlife
Reduce Speed:
Drive slowly, especially at dawn and dusk when animals are most active.
Do Not Stop in the Middle of the Road:
If you see wildlife, pull over to a designated area and stay in your vehicle.
Avoid Wildlife Jams:
Stopping to view animals can create traffic hazards and stress the wildlife.
Seasonal Considerations
Spring: Animals like bears are emerging from hibernation and may be hungry and irritable. Stay extra vigilant.
Summer: Wildlife is active, and food sources are abundant. Be cautious near berry patches and streams.
Autumn: Many species, including elk and moose, enter their mating season and may display aggressive behavior.
Winter: Wildlife tends to stick to lower elevations. Be cautious near valley trails and roads.
Emergency Contact Information
Report Wildlife Encounters: If you have an aggressive or unusual encounter with wildlife, report it to Parks Canada staff immediately.
Banff Dispatch: 403-762-1470
In Case of Emergency: Dial 911.